art.

walter benjamin
"the work of art in the age of mechanical reproduction"

theodor adorno and max horkheimer
"the culture industry: enlightenment as mass deception"


interpretation.

susan sontag
"against interpretation"

laura mulvey
"visual pleasure and narrative cinema"


literature.

artistotle
poetics


society.

francis fukuyama
the end of history

karl marx and friedrich engels
the communist manifesto